Jesus and Cicero Essay

Erring is one thing individuals feel that when individuals do kick the bucket, they ought to consequently go to the black market, or heck, because of their evil activities. In the Aeneid, book number six, Virgil portrays a spot where these individuals go when they die on earth. At the point when these individuals get to the black market, they are decided by their activities and rebuffed relying upon its seriousness. Virgil gives us that there is to be sure a the hereafter, much the same as Jesus did. However, when it came to miscreants, Jesus pardoned individuals who have trespassed in light of the fact that he needs individuals to get familiar with excusing. Additionally he needs individuals to realize that no one is great, and that with the end goal for God to pardon one’s sins, the person in question must excuse others. With regards to sin both Virgil and Jesus concur that there is a life following death; yet Virgil and Jesus’ thought of wrongdoing contrast with rega rds to disciplines and making a decision about individuals as people. Virgil shows his perusers that the black market is a position of discipline and pitilessness. At the point when delinquents kick the bucket, they are sent to the black market to concede their bad behaviors and face the ramifications for their activities. In the black market there is a man named Rhadamanthus who tunes in to the miscreants and sentences them to various punishments dependent on what they did. Once Rhadmanthus tunes in to the sinner’s story, he sentences them to various segments of the black market. The black market contains various segments that depend on levels of seriousness. The more prominent the transgression somebody submits, the more prominent the discipline that that individual will get. For instance, in the 6th book of the Aeneid, Virgil says that, â€Å"Here come the individuals who as long as life stayed held siblings derisive, beat their folks, deceived poor men reliant on them; additionally the individuals who embraced their newly discovered wealth to themselves and set nothing aside for family members An extraordinary group, this-then men e xecuted for infidelity, men who took arms in war against their right, not scrupling to sell out their lords† (181:813-820). In this statement, Virgil gives instances of people’s sins that have gone to the Underworld for it. In the Aeneid, Virgil gives perusers that individuals who sin will be rebuffed and sent to the black market regardless of what sin they submit. He likewise shows that there is a life following death, yet he doesn't talk about the possibility of paradise and that all spirits will go to the black market to confront the outcomes. Like Virgil, Jesus believes in existence in the wake of death, however he talks about the possibility of both paradise and damnation. He accepts that once incredible, spirits are lifted out of the human body and are either brought to paradise or damnation. Jesus instructed that individuals will be put into paradise or damnation dependent on their uprightness and following the lessons of God. Jesus additionally puts together it with respect to individuals who either open or close up their heart for other people. A case of the impression of the heart and sel f originates from the Gospel of Luke. In the gospel it says that there was a rich man who had a poor man, named Lazarus, living outside his entryway. The poor man would ask to eat the food that would tumble off the rich man’s table and he required help. When the two men passed on, poor people man was lifted by heavenly attendants to Abraham’s chest, while the rich man was covered in Hades being tormented. At the point when the rich man called to Abraham for help he stated, â€Å"Son recollect that you in the course of your life got your beneficial things, and Lazarus in like way abhorrent things; however now he is ameliorated here, and you are in anguish† (Luke 16:25-26). He is stating that individuals who are poor are needing help, yet there were individuals who were wealthier that didn’t open up their souls for other people. In this way, those individuals of riches would endure in the great beyond not at all like those were poor. The individuals who were poor would live a progressively agreeable route in life following death. Despite the fact that Virgil and Jesus put stock in the hereafter, they cont rasted when it went to the genuine thought of heathens. Virgil felt that all individuals would go to the black market and be decided by Rhadamanthus to see their destiny in existence in the wake of death. He never examined the possibility of paradise, and he would verify disciplines for various individuals. In contrast to Virgil, Jesus took a gander at delinquents in an alternate manner. Rather than rebuffing and rewarding miscreants in an unexpected way, Jesus would pardon the individuals who have trespassed. A case of Jesus pardoning a miscreant is in the Gospel of John. It discusses individuals assembling around the sanctuary with a lady who submitted infidelity. The copyists and Pharisees carried the lady to Jesus to test and see what he would do to her. The explanation the individuals needed to test Jesus on the grounds that in the Law of Moses, it expresses that the individual who submits infidelity will be stoned. The exceptional piece of the story is when Jesus says, â€Å"Let him who is without wrongdoing among you be the first to toss a stone at her† (John8:7). As he said this, everybody stepped back individually and Jesus was disregarded with the miscreant. When he was with her without anyone else he stated, â€Å"Woman, where right? Has nobody censured you?† She said,† No one Lord† And Jesus stated, â€Å"Neither do I denounce you; go, and don't sin again† (John8:10-11). Jesus is stating that individuals can't pass judgment or rebuff a heathen if individuals themselves have trespassed before previously. Additionally, Jesus instructs that wrongdoings will be excused by the Lord insofar as individuals gain from their errors and flaws. When contrasting Virgil and Jesus, the two of them have fairly, comparable considerations of having a the hereafter, yet they vary extraordinarily with people’s results. Virgil puts stock in specific sentences and censures. Jesus trusts in the possibility of leniency with delinquents as long as they get familiar with their exercise for what's to come. The two of them comprehend that erring is a terrible thing, yet how one arrangements with transgression is the genuine test. The genuine inquiry is,† If somebody submits sin against you, what will you do in response to it?†

Second Chance for Felons free essay sample

In this enlightening survey, I will talk about a portion of the social elements related with people that have been indicted for a wrongdoing and have a lawful offense record. I will likewise show proof that bolsters my examination and will be come full circle in real life. This is definitely not a lone a difficult that influences the person that holds a lawful offense record, it is a difficult that influences society in general (Pew, 2008). The Cost. a portion of these people are in jail for violations they didn't carry out and wrongdoings they committed (Greene Heilburn, 2011).Either way, when the greater part of these people come back to society they will have a lawful offense record that will tail them the remainder of their lives. These people were sent jail to serve their sentence for the wrongdoing or violations for which they have been indicted, yet will likewise get extra discipline farther than their sentences. This remembers their status forever, instruction openings, and occupations openings. We will compose a custom paper test on Additional opportunity for Felons or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Lion's share of these people are trashed as freak people in our general public in the U. S. (Anderson, 2010).Our society is molded to think, that all people with lawful offenses are extremely degenerate or terrible individuals that don’t can change to improve as an individual and that they could add to society in a constructive way (Greene Heilburn, 2011). These people committed an error and they need another opportunity to make due to become beneficial citizenry. A few people have confidence in the faith in a simply world, that beneficial things happens to great individuals and terrible things happen to awful people(Anderson, 2010), so they truly don’t care about individuals with a felonies.These people have been untouchable by society this incorporates men, ladies and even some adolescence’s. People that have a lawful offense or a criminal record are ineligible to work in specific occupations, may not be considered open government assistance advantages and open lodging, and excluded for some school educational cost advances. Prison’s were worked for recovery and discipline of a wrongdoing be that as it may, is by all accounts a lifelong incarceration much after the binds and bars are expelled. These people are not fit to absolutely live in a free society following jail (Greene Heilburn, 2011).Individuals do need to be liable for the damage they do to other people. However, when they have served their sentence by going to jail, they ought not be treated as pariah, when they return restored. The United States maxim â€Å"the place where there is the free† has the most elevated jail rate and the most detainment facilities on the planet. The jail framework is a foundation of social control. America and its lawmakers accentuates discipline, the extreme on wrongdoing strategy appears to just assistance the vocations of most legislators in the United States, yet at the same time has not made us more secure in the public eye (Huber Gordon, 2004) .A case of how the central government and a few states utilize the social control model is by changing and getting laws passed. One of the most thorough is the California’s three strikes law simply like baseball â€Å"strike out multiple times and you are out†! Regardless of what wrongdoing you submit, whether it is minor or not, the guilty party must be sentence to either 25 years to life in jail or triple the standard sentence (Greene Heilburn, 2011). This law would expand jail populace as well as would for the m ost part likely lead to people in jail for wrongdoings that would not fit the wrongdoing they are rebuffed for (Greene Heilburn, 2011).Majority of the guilty parties are in detainment facilities for peaceful violations. This has added to the expansion of people in penitentiaries. A few states in the U. S. the government has requested state penitentiaries to diminish their detainment facilities by 40,000 detainees (Pew, 2008). This makes me wiped out in within, on the grounds that it makes me wonder possibly these people didn’t should be in jail in any case, on the off chance that they are discharging such an enormous number of people. Penitentiaries were worked for discipline and restoration, yet in all actuality jails have not demonstrated to be successful on expanding the danger of people reoffending, making jail a revov.Actually, the exploration appears to associates that criminal conduct increment after jail (Pew, 2008). Broken schools, poor human services and youth improvement, and the vanishing of employments get ready numerous poor youngsters for little else than a support to-jail pipeline. Jail dividers don't make supporting situations, however increasingly capable crooks, who during their lives stroll through a rotating jail entryway. Many are detained for peaceful, sedate related offenses for more and longer timeframes. Three-strike laws and other draconian condemning plans are way messed up with regards to the violations committed.The outcomes of over-discipline are seen the nation over, as states needing money can't bear the cost of their swelling jail spending plans. In California, a government court has requested the state to lessen its packed jail populace by 40,000 prisoners. In the event that such a large number of prisoners are to be discharged, it causes you to understand that a considerable lot of them presumably shouldn’t have been in there in any case. America’s dependence on discipline just serves to separate families and networks, once in a while assisting with remaking them or the individuals who have served their time.Many would be astounded to realize that the option to cast a ballot, a valued right of citizenship, is denied to 5. 3 million Americans with crime feelings. These crime disappointment laws are a remnant from the Jim Crow period, a period loaded up with a wide range of awful aims. This franticness must stop, and Senator Russell Feingold (D-WI) and Representative John Conyers (D-MI) have acquainted enactment with reestablish casting a ballot rights in government decisions to a large number of disappointed people.How do you expect ex-criminals to become beneficial residents when they can’t get a new line of work, can’t bear to better themselves through instruction, and can’t even vote? Some are in a correctional facility for the wrongdoings they have submitted. Others are there for wrongdo ings they didn't submit. In any case, when they come back to the road, the discipline proceeds. Discipline on discipline doesn't work, and we need to develop the in the past detained so they don't tumble down once more. We need to guarantee that they have the chance to contribute as undeniable citizenry.

Reasons to Ditch Your Homework

Reasons to Ditch Your Homework Reasons to Ditch Your Homework Reasons to Ditch Your Homework Homework is a conflated idea that has little to do with overall success later in life, new research shows. According to renowned educational expert Alfie Kohn, the majority of studies show no positive correlation between giving elementary school students homework and becoming better students. Reason 1: The Educational Merit of Homework Isn’t Backed by Research You read right: researchers have examined the merits of homework and found that it is often repetitive and designed to make students conform to authority, rather than learn anything meaningful. Researchers are in agreement that exploring the world, rather than sitting down and doing long worksheets, reports, or other standardized forms of testing, is actually how students learn best. Reason 2: Homework is Harmful to Student’s Overall Well-Being and Health As we have blogged about before, researchers at the Stanford University were able to link the amount of homework a student has to poor physical and mental health. The hindrance of homework can lead to a number of physical and mental ailments including depression and alcoholism, anxiety, ulcers, and migraine headaches. Reason 3: The Home Part of Homework is Variable One study set out to find whether homework even had an impact on a student’s grade in a given course. Surprisingly, the data showed no connection between how much time students spent on completing homework and their grades in the class, as well as “no substantive difference in grades between students who complete homework and those who do not.” Moreover, students with stable home environments and with parents able to oversee completion of homework, often do significantly better, giving them an advantage over students without this support network. Due to this, students from backgrounds where English may not be a first language, or with parents who are not available/qualified to help, largely do less well because they lack the advantages given to students that have strong domestic help structures in the home. Reason 4: Homework And Grades Do Not Actually Correspond One of the big misnomers we tell to students is that homework completion and grades do not correspond. Surprisingly, new data has shown that there is no connection between how much time students spent on completing homework and their grades in the class, as well as “no substantive differences in grades between students who complete homework and those who do not.” Reason 5: Leave It to the Experts at Homework Help Homework Help Canada is a professional essay writing service with obligation to students who know that their grades are valuable, but also that the completion of mundane and tedious assignments should be left to the experts. When completing your homework, look to the experts at Homework Help Canada for your entire professional essay writing and editing needs. For more information or to view our testimonials click here. Reference: Mathews, K. (2014, October 5). 4 Reasons to Ditch Homework. Retrieved January 2, 2015, from #ixzz3Fxc2CV5U Reasons to Ditch Your Homework Reasons to Ditch Your Homework Reasons to Ditch Your Homework Homework is a conflated idea that has little to do with overall success later in life, new research shows. According to renowned educational expert Alfie Kohn, the majority of studies show no positive correlation between giving elementary school students homework and becoming better students. Reason 1: The Educational Merit of Homework Isn’t Backed by Research You read right: researchers have examined the merits of homework and found that it is often repetitive and designed to make students conform to authority, rather than learn anything meaningful. Researchers are in agreement that exploring the world, rather than sitting down and doing long worksheets, reports, or other standardized forms of testing, is actually how students learn best. Reason 2: Homework is Harmful to Student’s Overall Well-Being and Health As we have blogged about before, researchers at the Stanford University were able to link the amount of homework a student has to poor physical and mental health. The hindrance of homework can lead to a number of physical and mental ailments including depression and alcoholism, anxiety, ulcers, and migraine headaches. Reason 3: The Home Part of Homework is Variable One study set out to find whether homework even had an impact on a student’s grade in a given course. Surprisingly, the data showed no connection between how much time students spent on completing homework and their grades in the class, as well as “no substantive difference in grades between students who complete homework and those who do not.” Moreover, students with stable home environments and with parents able to oversee completion of homework, often do significantly better, giving them an advantage over students without this support network. Due to this, students from backgrounds where English may not be a first language, or with parents who are not available/qualified to help, largely do less well because they lack the advantages given to students that have strong domestic help structures in the home. Reason 4: Homework And Grades Do Not Actually Correspond One of the big misnomers we tell to students is that homework completion and grades do not correspond. Surprisingly, new data has shown that there is no connection between how much time students spent on completing homework and their grades in the class, as well as “no substantive differences in grades between students who complete homework and those who do not.” Reason 5: Leave It to the Experts at Homework Help Homework Help USA is a professional essay writing service with obligation to students who know that their grades are valuable, but also that the completion of mundane and tedious assignments should be left to the experts. When completing your homework, look to the experts at Homework Help USA for your entire professional essay writing and editing needs. For more information or to view our testimonials click here. Reference: Mathews, K. (2014, October 5). 4 Reasons to Ditch Homework. Retrieved January 2, 2015, from #ixzz3Fxc2CV5U

Which Online Translator Is Best

In 2001 when I first tested online translators it was clear that even the best available werent very good, making serious errors in vocabulary and grammar, many of them that wouldnt be made by a first-year Spanish student. Have online translation services gotten any better? In a word, yes. The free translators seem to do a better job of handling simple sentences, and some of them appear to be making a serious effort to deal with idioms and context rather than translating a word at a time. But they still fall far short of being reliable and should never be counted on when you must correctly understand more than the gist of what is being said in a foreign language. Which of the major online translation services is best? See the results of the experiment that follow to find out. Put to the test: To compare the translation services, I used sample sentences from three lessons in the Real Spanish Grammar series, mostly because I had already analyzed the sentences for Spanish students. I used the results of five major translation services: Google Translate, presumably the most-used such service; Bing Translator, which is run by Microsoft and is also the successor to the AltaVista translation service dating back to the late 1990s; Babylon, an online version of the popular translation software; PROMT, also an online version of PC software; and FreeTranslation.com, a service of the globalization company SDL. The first sentence I tested was also the most straightforward and came from a lesson on the use of de que. It yielded quite good results: Original Spanish: No cabe duda de que en los à ºltimos cinco aà ±os, el destino de Amà ©rica Latina ha sido influenciado fuertemente por tres de sus mà ¡s visionarios y decididos là ­deres: Hugo Chà ¡vez, Rafael Correa y Evo Morales.My translation: There is no room for doubt that in the last five years, the destiny of Latin America has been strongly influenced by three of its most visionary and audacious leaders: Hugo Chavez, Rafael Correa and Evo Morales.Best online translation (Bing, tied for first): There is no doubt that in the past five years, the fate of Latin America has been strongly influenced by three of its most visionary and determined leaders: Hugo Chà ¡vez, Rafael Correa and Evo Morales.Best online translation (Babylon, tied for first): There is no doubt that in the past five years, the fate of Latin America has been heavily influenced by three of its most visionary and determined leaders: Hugo Chà ¡vez, Rafael Correa and Evo Morales.Worst online translation (PR OMT): There is not doubt that in the last five years, the destination of Latin America has been influenced hard by three of its most visionary and determined leaders: Moral Hugo Chà ¡vez, Rafael Correa y Evo.Ranking (best to worst): Bing, Babylon, Google, FreeTranslation, PROMT. All five online translations used fate to translate destino, and thats better than the destiny I used. Google erred only in failing to create a complete sentence, starting out with no doubt instead of there is no doubt or the equivalent. The final two translators encountered a common problem that computer software is more prone to than humans: They couldnt distinguish names from words that needed to be translated. As shown above, PROMT thought Morales was a plural adjective; FreeTranslation changed Rafael Correas name to Rafael Strap. The second test sentence came from a lesson on hacer that I chose partly to see if the character of Santa Claus would still be recognizable from the translations. Original Spanish: El traje rojo, la barba blanca, la barriga protuberante y la bolsa repleta de regalos hicieron que, por arte de magia, los ojos de los pacientes de pediatrà ­a del Hospital Santa Clara volvieran a brillar.My translation: The red suit, the white beard, the protruding belly and the bag full of gifts made the eyes of the pediatric patients at Santa Clara Hospital magically light up again.Best online translation (Google): The red suit, white beard, protruding belly and bag full of gifts made, by magic, the eyes of pediatric patients at Hospital Santa Clara back to shine.Worst online translation (Babylon): The red suit, beard, white belly protruding and the bag full of gifts made, by magic, the eyes of the pediatric patients of the Hospital Santa Clara back to shine.Ranking (best to worst): Google, Bing, PROMT, FreeTranslation, Babylon. Googles translation, although flawed, was good enough that a reader unfamiliar with Spanish would easily understood what was meant. But all of the other translations had serious problems. I thought that Babylons attribution of blanca (white) to Santas stomach rather than his beard was inexplicable and thus deemed it the worst translation. But FreeTranslations wasnt much better, as it referred to Santas market of gifts; bolsa is a word that can refer to a bag or purse as well as a stock market. Neither Bing nor PROMT knew how to handle the hospitals name. Bing referred to clear the Santa Hospital, since clara can be an adjective meaning clear; PROMT referred to the Holy Hospital Clara, since santa can mean holy. What surprised me the most about the translations is that none of them correctly translated volvieron. The phrase volver a followed by an infinitive is a very common way of saying that something happens again. The everyday phrase should have been programmed into the translators. For the third test, I used a sentence from a  lesson on idioms  because I was curious if any of the translators would make an attempt to avoid word-for-word translation. I thought the sentence was one that called for a paraphrase rather than something more direct. Original Spanish:  Ã‚ ¿Eres de las mujeres que durante los à ºltimos meses de 2012 se inscribià ³ en el gimnasio para sudar la gota gorda y lograr el ansiado verano sin pareo?My translation:  Are you one of those women who during the final months of 2012 signed up at the gym in order to work up a sweat and get the bikini summer youve been waiting for?Best online translation (Google):  Are you one of the women in the last months of 2012 was registered in the gym to sweat blood and achieve the coveted summer without shorts?Worst online translation (FreeTranslation):  You are of the women that during the last months of 2012 was recorded in the gymnasium to sweat the fat drop and to achieve the desired summer without matching?Ranking (best to worst):  Google, Bing, Babylon, PROMT, FreeTranslation. Although Googles translation wasnt very good, Google was the only translator to recognize the idiom sudar la gota gorda, which means to work extremely hard at something. Bing stumbled over the phrase, translating it as sweat drop fat. Bing did get credit, though, for translating  pareo, an uncommon word, as sarong, its closest English equivalent (it refers to a type of wrap-around swimwear cover-up). Two of the translators, PROMT and Babylon, left the word untranslated, indicating that their dictionaries could be small. FreeTranslation simply picked the meaning of a  homonym  thats spelled the same way. I liked Bings and Googles use of coveted to translate  ansiado; PROMT and Babylon used long-awaited, which is a standard translation and appropriate here. Google got some credit for understanding how  de  was used near the start of the sentence. Babylon inexplicably translated the first few words as Are you a women, showing a lack of understanding of basic English grammar. Conclusion:  Although the test sample was small, the results were consistent with other checks I made informally. Google and Bing usually produced the best (or least worst) results, with Google getting a slight edge because its results often sounded less awkward. The two search engines translators werent great, but they still outperformed the competition. Although Id want to try more samples before making a final conclusion, Id tentatively grade Google a C, Bing a C and each of the others a D. But even the weakest ones would occasionally come up with a good word choice that the others didnt. Except with simple, straightforward sentences using unambiguous vocabulary, you cant rely on these free computerized translations if you need accuracy or even correct grammar. Theyre best used when translating from a foreign language into your own, as when youre trying to understand a foreign-language website. They shouldnt be used if youre writing in a foreign language for publication or correspondence unless youre capable of correcting serious mistakes. The technology just isnt there yet to support that type of accuracy.

Marketing Mix And Stps At Samsung Electronics - 1436 Words

Name Course Date The Marketing Mix and STPS The commercial of Samsung Electronics’ Water- less washing Machine shows Samsung Electronics employing the core components of the marketing mix to achieve its marketing objectives. The interaction between the price, product, place and promotion has far reaching effects on the company’s long term strategy. This relates to how Samsung segments, targets and positions (STPs) itself to tap into a sizeable customer base for the water less washing machine. Samsung invests Rs.5million in the water less washing machine’s innovation and Rs. 2million in television and online promotion of the product to drive profitability and sales volumes. Additionally the company is targeting loyal middle and upper class customers in Pakistan while positioning the less energy- water consuming and moderately high priced (price skimming) washing machine as a strong brand in the home appliances market of urban populations. Furthermore, the company segments the mar ket according to demographics like education, age and gender (Khan 29). The commercial features Samsung’s new innovative technology ready to enter the market and persuade LG’s and Super Asia’s washing machine customers to switch brands. The water- less washing machine utilizes less water and energy for washing and drying at the same time. This makes it a unique product on the market. 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Leadership in Nursing Administration Free Essays

Leadership is found to be an important factor in the administration of nursing practice, since this practice of nursing requires the leading practioners to be consistent and have knowledge to inspire and encourage others in the working environment through which an individual can provide a better health care in the nursing profession. The qualities for a good leader in this profession include; having a vision, collaborating with others, should have good communication skills. (Grohar and DiCroce, 2002) Research indicates that the nursing professions carry a number of responsibilities shared among staff in a particular health provision center. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership in Nursing Administration or any similar topic only for you Order Now Under this we find that different ranks of nurses are given different responsibilities, whereby the Executive nurse in any health organization is given the mandatory to ensure that the organization he is working with is provided with a kind leadership that proves to be visionary to the nursing services provided. He is also has the authority to uplift the standards of nursing set in the organization. The executive nurses’ obligations are therefore meant to monitor the operations of the nursing team under him in the organization, thus enhancing a better involvement of the nurses in making decisions affecting the management of the organization thus enabling teamwork among the workers. (Grohar and DiCroce, 2002) There are also other types of nurses in the line of leadership in the nursing administration such as the clinical nurse managers whose responsibility is to coordinate and manage the nursing practices in the organization. Nurse Managers also organize and plan giving health care to a large number of people and bringing quality results such as development of staff, strategic planning and care management. Research within the framework of nursing management and leadership has shown that the practices for managerial nurses has changed as a result of good payment, reduced number of people being admitted and reducing the period of stay in the nursing profession.Nursing administrators   have also taken additional responsibilities due to extended nursing care such as mobile health care, outpatient clinics and surgi-centers.The responsibilities include negotiating for contracts, looking for supportive services and managing services in other displines are related to nursing profession (Radcliffe, 2000) Nursing administration includes a number of different leadership and management practices such as consumer’s likes and dislikes, political changes, atmosphere in the market, which brings changes in the health care systems. Nurse administrators have different levels of education which include masters of Science in nursing, masters of health administration, certificates of science in nursing and self-study. Since the nursing administration involves the interaction of the nursing practitioner with the clients, it requires one to have an enormous knowledge in communication and an artistic mind that will permit the administrator to raise and solve issues in an effective manner. This calls for the people interested in leadership in nursing profession to have the professional approach in ensuring that his or her obligation is well executed. The administrator has to carry out a health care plan which is usually formed using nursing procedures. The first step requires the administrator involved to get information about the subject matter after which he or she looks in to the problem and the possible solutions he then gives orders and the way forward to the people under him so that the problem is solved. (Radcliffe, 2000) A leader in the nursing profession should be able to maintain a good relationship with the professional nurses to avoid them leaving the profession due the feelings of inadequacy, oppression, stress, disempowerment, intimidation, undermining and insubordination. Other factors in care hospitals such as low morale, heavier workloads, reduced resources, can contribute to poor performance in the profession hence leaving the profession. It is of great essence that the above issues are taken in to consideration in order to retain the nurses and give them morale to work well and administer effective health care. (Sullivan and Decker1997) A wide category of nursing administration is seen in different fields which include: psychology, research in nursing, health care administration, clinical nursing, social sciences and medicine in general. Ways through which leadership and management are carried out is largely borrowed from business administration so it is highly recommended for nurse administrators to be conversant with business and social science materials. A nurse administrator also should be able to intermingle with other health professionals who are believed to be of higher rank and with great experience so that they can be able to learn from them. A leader in the nursing profession should also be a person who has enough experience in the nursing field. He should be conversant with what happens in the field and daily changes which occur for the benefit of those receiving the nursing services. He should be able to interact with all the people who are under him. An administrator should also be able to seek advice and get suggestions from other administrators from different places whom they hold the same position. Leadership and management should be taken as a collective endeavor and responsibility for every one. It should be shared among all the nursing administration and the nurses themselves regardless of their positions because they have responsibility of correcting the challenging factors in the nursing profession. Good administration of leadership in the nursing profession makes it easier and effective to give good services to those who require nursing services thus preventing risks and illness which may lead to death and achieving and maintaining a better health status for a healthy society. (Sullivan and Decker1997) Reference: Grohar M and DiCroce H (2002), Leadership and Management in Nursing, Third edition, Prentice-Hall Upper Saddle River Radcliffe M (2000), Doctors nurses, new game same result. British medical journal Sullivan E and Decker J (1997): Effective Leadership Management in Nursing. Addison Wesley, Menlo Park, CA How to cite Leadership in Nursing Administration, Essay examples

Mathematical Codes Essays - Cryptography, Cipher,

Mathematical Codes Mathematical Codes Mathematical codes are used by millions everyday for a variety reasons, but all intending to keep something private. The coding theory has actual applications in consumer electronics and with other areas of mathematics. Encryption, which involves enciphering and encoding, is used to protect data against organized crime, government and multinational institutions. A use of arithmetic, prime numbers, and prime factorization is used within coding theory. The study of enciphering and encoding, and deciphering and decoding is called cryptography (Gardner 17). Encryption is encoding or enciphering a message so that the contents are hidden from outsiders (Fr?sen 10). Strong encryption is not a technical standard, it means that current known methods within feasible time without the data being outdated cannot break the encryption. Strong encryption is used to protect data against organized crime, government and multinational institutions. Strong encryption brings possible applications into daily life. Electric money, secure communications, passwords, and others are among many. Applications that require privacy, trust and access control should all use strong encryption methods when possible. It is suggested that people's legal, medical, personal data about themselves should stay confidential to the instances that have a permit to collect the databases. Encryption is not a new concept. Militaries and diplomatic forces have been using it for thousand of years, trying to keep information from the enemy. Given, it was more simplistic back then, but it was still used during War. For example, the Americans have used Morse code for years. There is a distinct difference between ciphers and codes. Substituting one word for another word or sentence is using a code (Gardner 18). Mixing up or substituting existing letters for one word or sentence is using a cipher (18). The majority of encryptions use ciphers versus codes. The algorithm is the method used to encipher the original message, known as the plaintext (20). A key is used with the algorithm to allow the plaintext to be both enciphered and deciphered (20). Ciphers are broken into two main categories: substitution ciphers and transportation ciphers. Substitution ciphers replace letters in the plaintext with other letters or symbols, keeping the order in which the symbols fall the same (25). By definition, substitution ciphers could be, in most cases, called codes. Transposition ciphers keep all of the original letters intact, but mix up the order (25). The resulting text is referred to as the ciphertext. Some cryptographic methods rely on the secrecy of algorithms used in the cipher, security by obscurity (Fr?sen 2). All modern algorithms use a key to control the encryption and decryption. The message can only be decrypted if the key matches the on it was encrypted with. The key used for decryption can be different from the key used in encryption, and this divides the algorithms in symmetric and asymmetric classes (2). Symmetric cryptosystems use the same key, the secret key, to encrypt and decrypt a message. Since it uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, the key should be changed often and be sufficiently random (2). Symmetric algorithms use different length keys, which usually means higher security. Symmetric algorithms can be divided into two categories: stream ciphers, which take and encrypt one bit of the original data at a time, and block ciphers, which take a number of bits and encrypt them as a single block (2). The majority of ciphers belong to the block cipher class. Symmetric algorithms are generally faster and use a much shorter key than asymmetric ones. DES, Data Encryption Standard, is the notorious symmetric cryptosystem. It has been certified by NIST, National Institution of Standards and Technology, for use as an official US Government encryption standard for less-than-top-secret secret material (2). DES was first certified for government use in 1977 (2). DES is a strong cipher, which encrypts a block of 64 bits at a time. DES encryption consists of many rounds of different transformations and permutations, which are linear and easy to reverse (3). Performing a permutation involves arranging elements in different arrangements, where order does matter. The critical encryption is done using S-boxes. S-boxes, or substitution boxes, are sets of highly non-linear functions, implemented in DES as a set of lookup tables (3). After the

You Can Take the Slave Out Essays - Discrimination, Racism, Hatred

You Can Take the Slave Out Essays - Discrimination, Racism, Hatred You Can Take the Slave Out Of Slavery but You Cant Take Slavery Out of the Slave There is a famous quote that I always hear people say, and it states, You can change the player, but the game remains the same (Unkown). This quote is commonly used by females to explain, even though males may come in different colors, shapes, forms, and sizes, they have the same intensions. In my own opinion, that same quote can apply to racial inequality, mainly known as racism. The reason I applied this quote to racism is, no matter how equal the media and other sources say America is, it is not. No matter how many black friends a white person has there are still white people who dislike blacks, and vice versa. Lastly, everyday a child and or children somewhere in America is being taught strong hatred for people not of their race, and the cycle continues. Even though racism is not as prominent and as blunt as it once was, it will never end. Society has come a long ways in terms of racial equality, racism, and prejudice; society for the most part has come together as one and overlook the color of one anothers skin. It is rare to see someone refused service because he or she is a certain color, and there are plenty other of examples. However, even though the majority of the country is together as one, there is still that small fraction of whites who hate black and vice versa, Hispanics who hate Asians and vice versa. That small is what hinders the full equality, the peace, the togetherness, and the love of all races. No matter how society tries to hide the fact racism is still in existence and is still affecting lives through mass media, it still lurks around the United States. For that small fraction of people who continue acts of racism it is not their fault, nurture plays a major role. No one is born racist, no is born hating blacks, no one is born hating whites, no one is born hating Hispanics, and no one is born hati ng Asians. This is all something that is taught with in the home, which in turn effects the United States ever ridding itself of racism and racial inequality. The person I am today is not because I was born this way, young man I am today is because of the guidance, and the constant teaching learning and teaching from my mother, father, grandmother, and life experiences. For the most part, I did not choose to be the way I am, I was taught to be this way. The same way I was taught to be who I am is the same way racist become racist, they were taught and bred that way, not born. The way each of us are as individuals is a for the most part a clear reflection of our parents and our environment. Those who are racists today will teach their kids how to be racist as well, and those kids will teach their kids, and it will continue throughout that generation. With that being said, as long as racists continue to preach and teach racist behavior racism will never come to an end When I see someone, yes, I see that person for what skin color; however I do not treat him or her a certain way because of it. I treat that person the way anyone would want to be treated, with respect. I believe we should judge and treat people according to the content of their character and not the color of their skin (Martin Luther King, Jr.). Racism has destroyed this land and will continue to destroy the land. This is not a problem that can be fix, it will continue until the world ends, especially because of the constant teachings of racism and acts of racism being done to one another. Will racism ever come to an end, no I do not think so, but I pray that it does

The Value of Self-Reflection for Success in Teaching

The Value of Self-Reflection for Success in Teaching In a profession as challenging as teaching, honest self-reflection is key. That means that we must regularly examine what has worked and what hasnt worked in the classroom, despite how painful it can sometimes be to look in the mirror. Once you self-reflect you then need to take your answers and turn them into positive, resolute statements that give you concrete goals on which to focus immediately. Be honest, work hard, and watch your teaching transform for the better! Ask Yourself These Tough Questions - And Be Honest! Where did I fail as a teacher in the past? Where did I succeed?What is my top teaching goal for the coming year?What can I do to make my teaching more fun while adding to my students learning and enjoyment?What can I do to be more proactive in my professional development?What resentments do I need to resolve in order to move forward more optimistically and with a fresh mind?What types of students do I tend to ignore or do I need to spend more time serving?Which lessons or units am I only continuing to perform out of habit or laziness?Am I being a cooperative member of my grade level team?Are there any aspects of the profession that I am ignoring out of fear of change or lack of knowledge? (i.e. technology)How can I increase valuable parental involvement?Have I done enough to foster a productive relationship with my administrator?Do I still enjoy teaching? If not, what can I do to increase my enjoyment in my chosen profession?Do I bring additional stress upon myself? If so, how can I decrease or eliminate it? How have my beliefs about learning and pedagogy changed over the years?What minor and/or major changes can I make to my academic program in order to directly increase my students learning? What Happens If You Refuse to Self-Reflect Put earnest effort and pure intention into your self-reflection. You dont want to be one of those stagnant teachers that drably presents the same ineffective and outdated lessons year after year. The unexamined teaching career can lead to becoming just a glorified babysitter, stuck in a rut and no longer enjoying your job! Times change, perspectives change, and you must change in order to adapt and remain relevant in the ever-changing world of education. Often its difficult to get motivated to change when you have tenure and cant be fired but thats precisely why you must undertake this effort on your own. Think about it while youre driving or doing the dishes. It doesnt matter where you self-reflect, only that you do it earnestly and energetically. Examine Your Teaching - Any Time of Year One of the best things about teaching is that every school year offers a fresh start. Make the most of this new beginning - any time of year! - and move ahead with the confidence that you are mindful and motivated to be the best teacher you can be! Edited By: Janelle Cox

Effect Of Discharge Of Domestic Sewage On Coral Reefs Research Proposal

Effect Of Discharge Of Domestic Sewage On Coral Reefs - Research Proposal Example The Marine environment is constantly faced with threats which can be linked to land-based activities. Such activities are urbanization, development of the coast for example dredge and fill operations, industries dealing with desalinization, power, and refineries. Recreation and tourism facilities, water treatment plants, mining along the coastline and quarry activities, oil bunkering facilities and finally modification of the habitat conversion and filling of the wetlands. A significant number of large coastal development projects in Saudi Arabia which include hotel, restaurants and recreational facilities have increased over the last few years and this has had ripple effects on the marine habitat and environment. The major sewage treatment plants in Jeddah are overloaded and as such, treatment effectiveness is very low leading to low quality of effluent that is emitted into the red sea. To add to the direct destruction of key habitats and marine life, suspended materials that come f rom activities such as dredge and fill are likely to result in rampant marine life destruction. Sedimentation leads to suffocation of benthic communities which has adverse effects on the surrounding ecosystem such as the mangroves, coral reefs, and the seabeds. This leads to less productivity of the sea which can be seen through shrimping grounds and demersal fisheries. Is the discharge of domestic sewage due to increased population in Southern Corniche in Jeddah leading to the erosion of coral reefs?  

Costing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Costing - Essay Example The Target costing method is widely used in the RD&E phase of the total life cycle of a good. The Target costing accounting method has been extensively used since time immemorial. This method dates back to the early 20th century at the height of industrial revolution in Europe and North America. Henry Ford, the famous engineer designed the first vehicle in 1908 in a factory with an aim of minimizing costs and maximizing profits through mass production. Ford managed to retail the T model vehicle at an average of $ 495 in the year 1913 (Wilson 2013). Understandably, for him to achieve that fete, the engineer and his planners had to minimize production costs to a bare minimum. Henry Ford accounted for raw material expenses through a backward integration process, labour expenses through specialization and division of labour and other expenses through frugal behaviour. Fords Company received a boost after the end of the Second World War (WWII) for the demand for the vehicles rose sharply (Wilson 2013). With increased demand, the price for the vehicle increased upwards. Because Target costing is normally applied to fresh merchandise planning, which mostly needs investments in new tools and equipment, it is justifiably correct to say that price influences both investments and expenses. The Total life cycle cost accounting method is a broad way for company executives to comprehend and account for costs through merchandises design, creation, and manufacturing, promotion, delivery, maintenance, service and clearance phases. It denotes a process of organizing all expenses along the value chain (Keuper 2011). By way of employing this method, cost managers are able to salvage some significant costs. By selected approximations, about 80% of goods total life expenses are committed by assessments made in the course of the RD& E phase, emphasizing the significance of managing all expenses along the value

Trans-boundary Natural Resource Management (TBNRM) Essay

Trans-boundary Natural Resource Management (TBNRM) Essay Trans-boundary natural resource management (TBNRM) can be defined as process of cooperation across boundaries that facilitates or improves the management of natural resources to the benefit all parts in the area concerned (Griffin et al, 1999). TBNRM it attempts to address the challenges of managing natural resources that are collaborated or shared across international or political boundaries and not ecologically, For instance the Albert national park was the national park across international border in Africa that was established by the Belgium colonial regime in 1925 to conserve natural resources occurring in two countries. It spanned the colonial state of Rwanda-Burundi and the Congo (Van der Linde, 2001). The Africans major fall in land, river, lake, forest and national parks (Lycklama à   Nijeholt et al, 2001), and these are as follows: River as natural resources form a narrow or wide channel of water which pass across the country or form the boundary between countries, these rivers contain numerous valuable wildlife that migrate across borders (katerere et al, 2001). For example river Limpopo across boulders (Botswana, south Africa, Mozambique and Zimbabwe) (Microsoft student, 2008), Orange river (Lesotho and Namibia), Congo river (DRC and Republic of Congo), Nile river from east Africa source in lake Victoria flow through Uganda, Egypt, Sudan to Mediterranean sea ( Microsoft student, 2008), the conservation of these rivers need cooperation and collaborations between nations. National park is one of the major natural resource in Africa, since most of these ecological cuts across international boundaries for instance Kruger national park one of the national park in the world located in South Africa bordered by Mozambique and Zimbabwe, The W-Aryl-Pendjari (WAP) is the national park that is complex straddles the countries of Benin, Burkina Faso and Niger and one of the largest continuous protected areas in Africa, the great Limpopo trans-frontier parks is the African largest protected area that spread through Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe, the mountain gorilla conservation in Virunga heartland in central albertine rift region of east central Africa span the borders of Democratic Republic of Congo( DRC), Rwanda and Uganda. Congo basin forest forms ecosystem shared by Cameroon, Central Africa, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Maasai Mara game reserve in Kenya and Serengeti National Park in United Republic Tanzania the two neighboring trans-boundaries protected areas where every year herds of wildebeest Zebra and other herbivores migrate between Serengeti national park in Tanzania and Masai Mara game reserved in Kenya (Microsoft students, 2008). Trans-boundary lakes, African continent has a plenty of shared lakes that cuts across international boundaries and some act international boundaries for example lake Tanganyika in the great rift valley that border on north by Burundi, east Tanzania, south Tanzania and west DRC. Lake Victoria found in east central Africa bordered by Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. Lake Chad located at the junction of Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameron. Lake Turkana found in central Africa boarded in North West by Kenya with the northern most tip in south western Ethiopia. Lake Albert an elliptical lake in east central Africa located on western Uganda and north eastern DRC, Lake Malawi or Nyasa located in the great rift valley between Malawi on the west Tanzania and Mozambique on east (Microsoft student, 2008). In spite of the African continent to have endowed with different trans-boundary natural resources across countries that contribute to the economic development, these resource posed a great challenge in terms of their utilizations/exploitation or their conservation and or management, hence the following are some of the challenges facing the management of trans-boundary natural resources in Africa:- Differences in conservation policies, Kenya has long pursued aggressive prevention policies concerning wildlife, where as Tanzania has promoted consumptive use including sport hunting, licenses hunting which does not consider proper policies of hunting wildlife. Such differences obviously exacerbate or accelerate problem in natural resources management. Also there has been experimentation on a ground scale with resources which involves less or no consultation of the other member’s country and this cause conflicts (Serageldin and sfer-younis, 1996). Management issues in resources are difficult to address at the scale of programs where additional requirements of seeking cooperation for example are cooperation on management of rhino and elephant poaching in Masai Mara in east Africa. Under this situation different sets authority among the stakeholders with different policies and laws find it difficult to unity and control the illegal activities in recourses (Lock wood, Worboys and Kothari, 2006). Poor agreements that is timely, equitable and acceptable by all riparian countries. For example the Nile basin which its management find difficulties among members from the upstream and downstream as Egypt and the Sudan recently exchange threats over the use of the Nile river, also Tanzania and Malawi over lake Nyasa and Kenya and Uganda on the ownership of mountain Elgon. These result in constant conflict and mismanagement of natural resources. Also most of the agreements were either the agreements made by between colonizers or bilateral agreements which contradiction among those nations shared the natural resources (Malasse abtew and Stegn, 2014). Protected areas managers and stakeholders find it difficult to determine those issues that have a specific trans-boundary element for example, it is self evident that trans-boundary protected areas must involve and benefit local people, but trans-boundary program may well involve many other aspects such as community who were previously divided by the imposition of an international border which also may associate with border conflicts among the nation involved for example the lake Victoria conflict between Kenya and Uganda on Mgingo island(Lock wood, Worboys and Kothari,2006). Lack of international system to enforce agreements, there are many mechanisms for trans-boundary management that has been agreed among nations faces difficulties in its implementation. Among them are African agreements like African Conversion on the conservation of nature and natural resources of September 1968, river basin agreements which include the Niger basin Authority, the lake Chad basin commission, the Senegal river develop organization, the Gambia river development organization and the Zambezi river authority also specific agreements like Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda agreements on management of lake Victoria. (Serageldin and Sfer-younis, 1996). Lack of trust among stakeholders’, many stakeholders fails to trust each other on the conservation of trans-boundary natural resource especially in policies on conservations and utilization of natural resources for example stakeholders like community and community, government and government, community and Non-Government Organization, private sector and government (Goldman, 1998). Limited trust among stakeholders reduces cooperation and full participation among stakeholders. This limit the natural resource management conservation (Chifamba, 2012) Different level of economic development, different level of economic development may impose challenges in trans-boundary natural resources management; different nations have difference contribution to trans-boundary natural resources management, for instance different between South Africa and Zimbabwe. The stages in economic development among neighboring countries lead to analogous different in priorities for trans-boundary natural resources management objectives which may sometimes not allowing compatible , hence make it difficult in collaboration on trans-boundary natural resources management programs (Chifamba, 2012) In general trans-boundary natural recourses management is affected by lack of solid data about environmental issues makes cooperation difficult, absence of appropriate financing scheme for effective trans-boundary management also lack of international system in enforcing the agreement because the world has not yet found an adequate system to settle disputes related to trans-boundary programs. All those and other problems might be solved by ways such as ; proper involvement of stakeholders which is key to adaptive management, proper and clear statement concerning trans-boundary resources management also, enhancing or promotion of A forestation in riparian areas. References Chifamba, E (2012) Trans-boundary Natural Resource Management and distribution of rights and benefits to look communities on the Zimbabwe- South African Border. Zimbabwe . International journal of politics and good governance. Goldman, M. (1998). Inventing the Commons: Theories and Practices of the Commons’ Professional. In M. Goldman (Ed), Privatizing Nature: Political Struggles for the Global Commons: London .Pluto press Griffin, J., Cumming, S and Metcalfe, S. (1999). Study on the development of trans-boundary Natural Resource Management areas in Southern Africa, world wildlife fund: Washington D.C, USA. Griffin, J.,Cumming, S., Metcalfe, S.,Tsas-Rolfel, M and Singh, J.(1999). Trans-boundary Natural Resource Management in sub Saharan Africa. Biodiversity Support Program c/o World Wildlife Fund: Washington DC, USA. Katerere, Y., Hill, R and Mayo, S. (2001).A Critique of Trans-boundary Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa. Paper No1. IUCN-ROSA series on Trans-boundary Natural Resources Management. ICUW. The World Conservation Union. Lockwood, M., Worboys, L. and Kothari (2006).Managing protected areas: A Global Guide library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Dat, USA. Lycklama à   Nijeholt, R., Debie, S and Creerling, C(2001). Beyond Boundaries: Regional Overviews of Trans-boundary NRM on West Africa. Biodiversity Support Program: Washington DC, USA. Malesse, M.A., Abtew, W and Setegn, G.(2014). Nile River Basin: Eco hydrological challenges, Climate change and Hypropolitics. Springer Print: New York- USA, Microsoft Cooperation (2007) Microsoft student 2008, Redmond, WA: Microsoft cooperation. Selegeldin, I and Sfeir- Younis, A. (1996). Effective Financing of Environmentally Sustainable Development. World Bank publications. Van derlinde, H., Oglethorpe, J. Snelson, D. and Tessema,Y.(2001) Beyond Boundaries: Trans- boundary Natural Resource Management in Sub Saharan Africa, Biodiversity Support Program: Washington DC, USA.

Response to “Internationalized Civil War” Essay

Karen Rasler’s essay â€Å"Internationalized Civil War: A Dynamic Analysis of the Syrian Intervention in Lebanon† is a highly scientific exploration of what exactly happened when the Syrian military stepped in amidst the internal conflict between the Lebanese Front and the Palestinian Resistance Movement (many other groups were involved at different points, but for simplicity’s sake I will just use these groups as a right vs. left catch-all for the bulk of the conflict). Rasler begins by addressing the idea that, as much rhetoric as has been given to external intervention in the case of internal conflict, much of the studies done and articles published have failed to address the larger issue of not only what the immediate effects of external intervention are, but also what are the long-term reverberating effects on the country that has either sought external aid or had it forced upon them. Rasler cites several questions regarding the effects of external intervention, including whether or not the external aid escalates violence and ultimately prolongs the conflict. What Rasler sets out to do in her essay is create a longitudinal examination of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1977). Rasler contends that this particular example, being so well-covered in the media and, at the point in time which Rasler wrote the piece, having had enough time pass to study its residual effects, is a solid example to begin with, even if it is not representative of all cases of external involvement in civil wars. She is seeking the extent to which the Syrian military occupation in Lebanon either decreased or increased internal conflict, as well as the long-term ramifications intervention had for Lebanese politics. Rasler begins with four basic hypotheses which she sets to measure against the Lebanese Civil War. These hypotheses are as follows: (1) External military intervention will increase the level and duration of domestic conflict; (2) Military intervention will occur during periods in which the level of internal conflict escalates beyond previously established levels; (3) Military intervention will occur during periods of extreme polarization between domestic political groups; and (4) Military intervention will occur during periods in which cooperation between domestic political groups and the intervening external nation-state are escalating beyond previous levels. After stating her hypothesis, Rasler then begins to collect â€Å"empirical evidence† complete with line graphs stating what her â€Å"findings† were. From here the essay becomes a muddled mess of pseudo-scientific jargon that the reader has no choice other than to believe it because the values and empirical methods used are inadequately introduced or explained and therefore difficult to refute. The problem is, even at the end of the essay, it is unclear whether or not Rasler has succeeded in proving or completing undermining her own hypothesis. Certainly she has revealed some interesting findings, but largely it seems to be not exactly what she thought she was going to unveil. There are several problems with the way this essay presents Rasler’s â€Å"findings† and with the source material in general. First of all, I will address more of what I have previously mentioned: the equations Rasler uses to find her â€Å"empirical evidence† measure such things as social polarization, domestic cooperation, impact of military intervention, and totals of domestic conflict, just to name a few. But never at any point in time does Rasler dedicate any extensive analysis in her essay to an explanation of where exactly these initial figures and statistics (which then got plugged into strange, little-explained equations) came from. It seems as if she pulls these numbers out of thin air, which automatically discredits any of her â€Å"research† because there is no standard for where these numbers came from, how they were initially reported and gathered, what they are measuring to determine things like â€Å"conflicts,† etc. For example, Rasler spends a great deal of time discussing how conflicts were on the decline before Syrian military occupation, and then the amount of conflicts spiked up again immediately following the occupation, only to decrease again to levels lower than before. My question is: how is the idea of â€Å"conflict† being qualified? Is â€Å"conflict† the number of reported incidents of violence in the area? Does it deal with casualties? How exactly is the quantifiable â€Å"amount† of â€Å"conflict† being measured, exactly? But this is never discussed, which means these numbers could just as easily be fabricated and completely arbitrary for all the weight they carry with them. Not only that, but the pages and pages of jargon that follow an otherwise engaging introduction to the study and the greater questions at hand make it impenetrable for the common non-career-scientist reader. It is off-putting and kind of come across almost as if Rasler is saying, â€Å"If it sounds smart enough, no one will question it. † Another problem I see with this, and Rasler herself even addresses it, is that this one solitary conflict cannot possibly account for or be representative of all other conflicts similar to it in which external intervention is sought to ease internal conflict. And even though Rasler does indeed point this out, I feel it is necessary to reiterate because of the framework of the essay. Rasler speaks in terms of generalizations about external military occupations and what their long-term effects are on the country and government, speaking of the importance of a longitudinal study to really dig deeper into those issues. And I agree, wholeheartedly, especially after the way she presented all of it. Which is exactly why this study needed to go so much further than just delving into the details of this one isolated conflict in order to really carry with it any weight or credibility. As far as I’m concerned, this â€Å"study† is really only the beginning of what needs to be a large-scale study to really effectively address the questions being raised. Another issue I took with this particular case study is the idea that 6 years’ time, especially when the conflict is still continuing (in southern Lebanon where Syrian forces cannot invade without threat of Israeli invasion), might not be enough time for an appropriate longitudinal study to be conducted. To really study the long-term reverberating effects on the people and the government, my guess would be that more time would have to pass first. Overall, I believe Rasler’s essay made some interesting points and observations, and was written in an engaging way (when not swallowed up by scientific jargon). However, I think there are some severe errors in her empirical methods that render much of her â€Å"findings† meaningless, and in order for this to be an effective study on the issue of external intervention in civil war conflicts, it needs to be much more all-encompassing and at least provide a series of examples to cross-reference.

The Top Secret Details Regarding Classification Essay Topics for College Students Most People are not Aware Of

The Top Secret Details Regarding Classification Essay Topics for College Students Most People are not Aware Of Classification Essay Topics for College Students Fundamentals Explained These resources give step-by-step instructions on how best to effectively write of this kind of essay. Citations and extracts from several sources have to be formatted properly. These are only a few guidelines to aid you in getting started with how to compose a classification essay. The classification essay format needs a framework, too. Classification Essay Topics for College Students - Is it a Scam? Such a student isn't any more or less driven then others when it has to do with success. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. When studying subjects like science or social studies, your students want to understand and recall a great deal of information. These students lack the characteristics necessary to be prosperous. The Honest to Goodness Truth on Clas sification Essay Topics for College Students You're able to easily order any kind of essay without leaving your room. Locate a classification you care about, something which will not just reveal the facts but also allow you to demonstrate your own attitude. When you happen across this kind of assignment for the very first time it can seem to be a rather daunting prospect, but having learned the overall approach to classification papers writing, you'll certainly see, it is not so bad all in all. In addition, a customer may ask the writer to submit part of the job for review and, if needed, ask them to make corrections. Classification Essay Topics for College Students: the Ultimate Convenience! For instance, you will need to classify your textbooks. Write what it is that you are personally passionate about, categorize yourself from some angle and you will observe that written college assignments can be produced easy and be a fantastic fun. Many students take a look at the tuiti on of a university and make assumptions about final price. Use the suggestions shared here in order to generate a superb bit of writing and make a high grade. Classification Essay Topics for College Students Options Initially sight, writing a classification essay may appear straightforward, yet this job isn't as straightforward as students would like it to be. Within this lesson, you will locate a collection of essay topics that will enable you to get your students started as writers of classification essays. A student should be this attentive when selecting a topic for a superb descriptive essay. Many students have difficulties while writing this kind of essay, because they don't understand how to do it correctly. You should explain how you are going to classify different items in the debut of your essay. It is crucial that the essay doesn't appeal to the writer alone. Start with a fundamental thesis statement to guide you, but you should be mindful that you might have to refine it as your essay starts to take shape. Informative essays are somewhat more descriptive. When writing an essay you could first select a superior category of items which you have better knowledge and comprehension. Making stream-of-consciousness lists might be practical method to explore a topic. However, we'd also like to provide you some strategies for making up your essay the most suitable way. Starting with a fundamental thesis at the start of your work, don't hesitate to polish it later on, whenever your essay starts to take some shape. The degree of vocabulary employed in the essay ought to be sufficient for the total disclosure of the topic. Additionally, you can capture reader attention with the assistance of funny essay topics. The option of compare and contrast essay topics isn't a simple task because you must clearly show your analytical skills. You may even group exactly the same observations with each other to conserve the interest of the readers till the conclusion of your essay. Ruthless Classification Essay Topics for College Students Strategies Exploited There's, however, only 1 way how you can create your paper rock to get you into college. Some are drinkable while some have a complete body. Any student has plenty of friends. First day for a freshman at college. What You Don't Know About Classification Essay Topics for College Students After you've chosen your points, don't forget to comment on all them for every one of the categories. To assist you with your choice what things to write, clas sification essay topics in several categories are provided below. You might want to develop something that has definite categories to permit for comparison, however you will also need to steer clear of topics with too many categories. Next, you will need to think of how many categories there are.

What Are the Official Languages of Canada

Canada is a bilingual country with co-official languages. English and French enjoy equal status as the official languages of all federal government institutions in Canada. This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from, federal government institutions in either English or French. Federal government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in designated bilingual  regions. History of Canadas Dual Languages Like the United States, Canada started as a colony. Beginning in the 1500s, it was  part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years War. As a result, the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers: France and England. The  Constitution Act of 1867  enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal courts. Years later, Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969, which reaffirmed the constitutional origins of its co-official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual-language status.Seven Years War. As a result, the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers: France and England. The  Constitution Act of 1867  enshrined the use of both languages in Parliament and in federal courts. Years later, Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969, which reaffirmed the consti tutional origins of its co-official languages and set out the protections afforded by its dual-language status. How Multiple Official Languages Protect Canadians Rights As explained in the Official Languages Act of 1969, recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians. Among other benefits, the Act recognized that Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents, regardless of their native language. The Act also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging.   Are the Official Languages Used Throughout Canada? The Canadian federal government is committed to advancing the equality of status and use of the English and French languages within Canadian society and provides support to the development of English and French linguistic minority communities. However, the reality is that most Canadians speak English, and of course, many Canadians speak another language entirely.   All institutions that fall under federal jurisdiction are subject to official bilingualism, but provinces, municipalities, and private businesses do not have to operate in both languages. Although the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas, there are many regions of Canada where English is the clear majority language, so the government does not always offer services in French in those regions. Canadians use the phrase where numbers warrant to indicate whether a local populations language usage requires bilingual services from the federal government. Other Countries with More Than 1 Official Language While the United States is one of only a few countries with  no official language, Canada is far from the only nation with two or more official languages. There are more than 60 multilingual countries, including  Aruba, Belgium, and Ireland.

Conformity And Love In George Orwells 1984 - 1344 Words

Conformity and Love in 1984 The ability to love is possibly one of the most recurring aspects of humanity. Everyday people fall in and out of love with each other s personalities, opinions and lifestyle choices. In his novel 1984, George Orwell depicts a dystopian, loveless society. The technology, newspeak, and doublethink force conformity on Oceania, the setting of the book. The lack of diversity in people creates a world, where there isn’t any reason to love anyone else. Family relationships that were formerly built with love, support, and loyalty are ripped away and replaced with distrust, anxiety and hostility. Sexual relationships no longer have love or pleasure, which makes them mean virtually nothing, except the hope of†¦show more content†¦Additionally, there is doublethink. It is a skill that every law-abiding citizen is expected to master. It is the ability to actively dispose of memories, because the government instructs them to. If no one’s memory holds true, how can a perso n change due to the experiences of life. The thing that probably allows all these schemes to work is the technology the government uses to observe it’s people. Through telescreens and hidden microphones, the Party is able to watch and listen to anyone at any given time. No one dares to rebel, because getting caught is a guarantee. Through these means, the government is able to create a society full of humans with the exact same mindset. No one wants to be the odd man out, because torture and death are real possibilities. Families are supposed to be a safe environment for all people. Human’s longest lasting relationships are the ones formed with family members. In 1984, it is as if parents are only used to provide a home for up and coming citizens. Children are being turned into the ideal party members. There are different groups that the party created to force the children into conformity. Winston mentally expressed his disdain when interacting with the Parsons’ children. â€Å"What was worst of all was that by means of such organizations as the Spies they were systematically turned into ungovernable little savages, and yet produced in them no tendencyShow MoreRelatedThe Threat of Love in Totalitarian Regimes as Depicted in Orwells 19841424 Words   |  6 PagesLove is the foundation and the weakness of a totalitarian regime. For a stable totalitarian society, love between two individuals is eliminated because only a relationship between the person and the party and a love for its lea der can exist. The totalitarian society depicted throughout the Orwell’s novel 1984 has created a concept of an Orwellian society. Stalin’s Soviet state can be considered Orwellian because it draws close parallels to the imaginary world of Oceania in 1984. During the twentiethRead MoreTotalitarian World, Conformity Is Necessary for Survival799 Words   |  4 Pages‘In a totalitarian world, conformity is necessary for survival.’ Discuss. George Orwell’s political parable, 1984, portrays an oppressive and dictatorial government, which thereby presents to the reader a palpable sense of danger and malevolence born out of the creation of a counter utopic totalitarian regime. Orwell’s nihilistic creation of Oceania, presents a world wherein every aspect of private and public life is abhorrently regimented and regulated by the autocratic ‘Big Brother’. The wholeRead MoreThe Threat of Love in Orwell’s Novel 1984 Essays1339 Words   |  6 PagesLove is both the foundation and the weakness of a totalitarian regime. At the heart of any totalitarian society, love between two individuals is eliminated because only a relationship between the person and the party and a love for its leader can exist. 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Huck Finn Oh, the Irony of Society! Free Essays

Satire is a subtle literary technique involving the criticism of human idiocy through scorn and biting irony. With a faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade of crude bias and prejudice, satire’s influence lies in the reader’s capability of interpretation. Due to Mark Twain’s constant application of racial aspersions, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn contains strong implications of an archetypal racist novel. We will write a custom essay sample on Huck Finn: Oh, the Irony of Society! or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, with satirical insight and the shrewd application of realism and irony, the novel reveals itself to hold an opposing stance through its harsh ridicule of white society. Utilizing a sense of realism for the setting for his novel, Twain correctly portrays historical accuracy in the perspective of white society through the prejudice he presents. Twain attempts to instill a sense of authenticity in his readers while indistinctly instilling novel concepts that grow stronger and undeniable by the novel’s conclusion. For example, when Aunt Sally hears of a steamboat explosion: â€Å"Good gracious! anybody hurt?† â€Å"No’m. Killed a nigger.† â€Å"Well, that’s lucky, because sometimes people get hurt, â€Å"(167). Almost laughable in its absurdity, this quote portrays whites in a callous light, revealing their disdain for black lives. Aunt Sally is a respected figure in white society, not an outcast like Pap or the King and the Duke. Yet her judgment is no better than Pap’s comments on his contempt of educated blacks; she simply does not consider them â€Å"people.† Twain’s motivation was to exhibit the horrors of the south at that time, how highly regarded people in society were so heartless, not feeling any remorse for the loss of a life simply because it was black. Jim is another excellent example of Twain’s usage of realism. Jim characterizes the stereotypical black slave, with terrible grammar, a nearly indiscernible accent and superstitious to the point of idiocy. Twain’s agenda in typecasting Jim is not to deride blacks, but to make Jim a realistic, believable character by setting him up as a conventional black slave. Jim requires such establishment because he represented an individual with moral standards far above those of most whites, such as Pap and the Duke and the King. He is the moral center of the novel, sacrificing his freedom out of loyalty to Huck. Twain’s message through Jim is clear: Even the average black slave has a more honorable soul than the majority of the white population. A notion profoundly difficult for Twain’s intended audience to grasp, Huck becomes a liaison between his audiences, helping to bridge the difficulty of comprehension through his own confusion. One particularly monumental instance was after the separation in the fog, Huck tries to lie to Jim. However, when Jim realizes that Huck is trying to trick him, he voices his regret and disappointment of the broken trust. It is at this moment that Huck realizes Jim’s keen sense of morality, and almost instantly feels apologetic. â€Å"It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a nigger-but I done it, and I wrn’t every sorry for it afterwards neither. I didn’t do him no more mean tricks, and I wouldn’t done that one if I’d ‘a’ knowed it would make him feel that way,† ( ). The mere fact that Huck is regretful for hurting Jim, a black slave, shows Jim’s impact on him, the â€Å"pinch of conscience† (Poirier 6) that the sheer morality of the man created in him. Irony was another strong factor in Twain’s method of persuading his audiences. He effectively uses petty, seemly insignificant instances such as Tom Sawyer’s boyish delusions of grandeur as metaphors of greater connotation. When questioned about his intricate plans, Tom replies, â€Å"Do you want to go doing different from what’s in the books, and get things all muddled up?† (7). Tom is clearly a portrayal of white society, and his actions reflect his environment. On a larger scale, Huck’s confusion about society’s notions on respectability is similar to the questions presented toward Tom, and the answers given in return are analogous as well. â€Å"We have before us the creation in words of a whole society built on games, tricks, and illusions, and the adult version is only superficially different from the children’s† (Poirier 2) There is hardly any common sense involved with decisions, only a common law established by unknown authorities and blindly upheld by the conformity of the masses. Due to his role as an outcast of white society, â€Å"Huckleberry Finn took the first journey back. He was the first to look back at the republic from the perspective of the west. His eyes were the first eyes that ever look at us objectively that were not eyes from overseas†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Fitzgerald 1) Twain challenges his readers by such mockery, inviting them to join Huck’s rational judgment, one unclouded by the shackles of the populace. Through subtle application, Mark Twain used realism and irony to contribute to Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, his satirical masterpiece. He uses white society’s degrading of blacks and their unconscious actions to illustrate his obvious scorn of white society’s hypocrisy and conformity, allowing for the gradual realization of the bleakness of white society. How to cite Huck Finn: Oh, the Irony of Society!, Papers

Challenges In Cyber Affecting For Business â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: What Is The Role Of Cyber Security In Providing Safety And Security To The Data Of The Business? Which Challenges In Cyber Security Are Faced By The Business? What Measures Can Be Adopted By The Business For Coping With These Challenges In Cyber Security? Answers: Introduction This research program has been executed over the topic Challenges in Cyber Security for Business in which discussion has been regarding the various challenges in Cyber Security affecting the performance of the business. The focus of this research program is on analysis of these challenges in cyber security faced by a business which affects their performance at large. Different methods and techniques will be applied in this research program for the purpose of collection of reliable and authentic data. These methods of data collection have used in the collection of quality data. Literature review Cyber security plays a vital role in the present era as it is crucial to provide safety to the business from threats. The term cyber security can be explained as the body which includes different technologies and practices designed for the purpose of providing protection to the different programs, systems, networks from security threats to the business. The number of cases of cyber-attacks are increasing due to which the need to develop technologies has increased. These issues faced by the businesses have led a way for the digital transformation. Lack of availability of proper measures for protecting data can result in adverse impact on the confidentiality as well as financial performance of the business (Carr, 2016). Cyber-attacks can be explained as the cases where loop holes in the systems, networks, and programs are being identified by hackers for gaining benefit from them. Impact of cyber-attack cases can be seen on the national economy as well as on the global economy. Business es are adopting strategies for ensuring the safety and security of the data of the business from misuse. Innovations are taking place in the business environment which has resulted in the development of new technologies and increase in the cases of cyber-attack (Carroll, et. al., 2014). Businesses are facing various challenges due to the cyber security. Constant efforts are being made by the IT experts for coping with these increasing cases of cyber-attacks. The existence of the business is in danger due to the increasing cyber-attacks. Cyber security measures are being adopted by the businesses for operating within a safe and secure environment. But in this dynamic business environment, there has been a rise in the number of online threats. These online threats affect the confidentiality of the business as well as create a financial loss to the business. These online threats act as a challenge for the business. These challenges in cyber security are creating an impact on the global economy (Ulsch, 2014). Changes in the IT sector are taking place which has enhanced the performance of the business. The focus on the IT sector is on providing safety to the business from the increasing online threats. Businesses of different nature, size and structure are being targeted by the attackers for gaining access to their confidential data. Different challenges in cyber security have been identified which are creating an impact on the financial condition and performance of the business (Niglia, et. al., 2015). These challenges in cyber security include protecting passwords from unauthorized access, prevention of data from loss, encryption of disk, big data and cloud computing, digitalization, the internet, privacy laws, insider threats and USB control. These challenges need to be dealt in an effective manner so as to ensure that these challenges are not creating an impact on the performance of the business (Tyson, 2011). An insider threat is the result of dissatisfaction among the employees of the business. Passwords or confidential information of the company may get misused by the dissatisfied employees which result in a threat to the confidentiality of the company. For coping with this issue, companies need to keep a check on the activities of employees and proper monitoring need to be done. Reasons for the dissatisfaction among the employees need to be identified and focus must be on removing these reasons resulting in dissatisfaction among employees. On the other hand, Greenwald (2013), has stated that business faces challenges due to leakage of the information of the business and this information is utilized by the hackers for their personal interest. Business must check the systems installed at regular intervals for ensuring the safety and security of the data. A shift has been identified in the real world from real world towards virtual world. Every activity of the business is carried out with the services based on the internet. This dependency on the internet has increased the threats to business due to cyber security. With the increasing use of internet has increased online threat for the business. Every activity of the business is carried out with the help of internet and confidential of information is shared and stored on internet platforms or medium. There is a need to develop safe and secure platforms for the safety of the confidential information of the business. Personal devices are being used by the employees for accessing the professional accounts. This increase in the use of personal devices increases the chances of hacking of the software of the devices (Niglia, et. al., 2015). Privacy is the main concern for every business which must be ensured at every level. Business must ensure that employees are aware of the concept of confidentiality, online theft, and cyber-crimes so as to eliminate the cases of cyber-attack on the business. Training must be provided to the employees on regular intervals for using the devices in a safe and secure manner and not to disclose the confidential informa tion in front of others (Jones, 2011). These challenges create a huge impact on the performance of the business. Impact of these issues can be seen on the profitability, cost, and confidentiality of the business. For coping with these challenges, there is a need to develop a proper understanding of the cyber security and challenges which can affect the cyber security of the business (Woerner Elfering, 2014). Internal support must be developed by the business for coping with these challenges and IT support team of the business must focus on the elimination of adverse impacts of cyber-attack over the performance of the business. Business must ensure that personal devices of the employees are tracked and secured so as to make sure that the safety measures are used (Ulsch, 2014). Hypotheses Research questions are being formulated with a motive to form a base for the collection of the relevant information. Research questions help in the collection of the data for the research and enhance the quality of the research executed. These research questions are used for gathering relevant data for the research and executing it in a successful manner. Research questions for this research program are listed below Challenges in the cyber security affect the confidentiality of the business. Cases of cyber-attacks have increased due to increasing use of internet based platforms. Operational definitions and measurement This research program has been executed in a planned sequence so as to make sure that all the activities are carried out in an effective manner. An action plan has been developed for ensuring the execution of the research as the plan formulated. During the execution of this research program, the focus was on a collection of quality data which ensures that the facts presented in the research are reliable and authentic. Primary and secondary sources of data collection have been used for ensuring the reliability of the data presented. This research has been executed within the specified time frame for maintaining the effectiveness of the research project. Secondary sources include articles and journals available online which were published after the year 2010. These secondary sources have been used for ensuring that current information is presented in the research. This report has developed the knowledge of the different challenges in cyber security affecting the business. Research methodologies Research methodology can be explained as the sum of various methods and techniques which have been applied for the execution of the research program (Turkenburg McAuley, 2013). These methods and techniques are discussed below: Research methods: For the purpose of collection of quality information, the mixed method will be used in this research. Mixed method is a combination of qualitative as well as quantitative method (Wilson, 2016). The questionnaire will be conducted for collecting primary data and journals and articles will be used as secondary data. Use of both these methods will help in presenting different aspects of the research in a better manner (Gorard, 2013). Research approaches: qualitative as well as quantitative approaches will be used for executing this research program in an effective manner (Quick Hall, 2015). Primary and secondary data will help in presenting the current data related to the research topic. Structured and semi-structured or unstructured data will be collected with the help of qualitative and quantitative approach (Nirmala, 2013). Data collection: Data collection is an important aspect which helps in developing a better understanding of the different aspects of the research program. For the collection of data, primary and secondary sources of data collection will be used. The primary source of data collection is the raw form of data which is directly collected by the researchers (Thomas, 2015). A secondary source of data collection is the second-hand information gathered by other researchers for their work (Johnston, 2014). When it comes to reliability, the secondary source is preferred rather than the primary source. Sampling size and Techniques: Questionnaire will be presented top 40 employees so as to gather data related to the research program. For the analysis of the collected data within the limited time frame, random sampling technique will be used. Random sampling technique will help in analyzing the data in a proper manner by providing equal opportunity to every sample of getting selected (Nishad Sankar, 2016). Targeted market: primary data will be collected from the employees of multi-national companies who are the part of IT support team. The questionnaire will be presented to them so as to gather data and analysis will be done on the collected data. Choice: Different alternatives are available for conducting this research program without skipping out any important aspect. The best alternative has been selected for conducting this research program. Ethical consideration: During the execution of this research program, the focus was on complying with the ethical aspects of ensuring the safety of the society from the activities of the research project. Different principles or values have been followed during the execution of this project including confidentiality, honesty, dignity, and unbiasedness. Confidentiality has been maintained for ensuring the safety of the confidential information of the respondents. Facts are presented in true and fair manner. Limitations of the research: few limitations have been identified which have affected the execution process of the research. These limitations include the availability of limited timeframe for executing the project, lack of availability of sufficient resources and access to the data. Research process Serial no. Activities Initiation date Duration (days) Completion date Description A Selection of research topic 22 August 2017 2 23 August 2017 During this step of the research process, research topic will be selected. B Formulating plans 24 August 2017 6 29 August 2017 Plans will be prepared for conducting the different activities of the research in a successful manner. C Implementation of plans 30 August 2017 8 06 September 2017 Plans will be implemented as per the previous step so as to ensure that all the aspects are considered while implementing plans. D Selecting sources of data collection 07 September 2017 2 08 September 2017 For the collection of data, primary as well as secondary sources of data collection are available. These sources will be analyzed for deciding which source will be used for this research program. E Collection of data 09 September 2017 7 15 September 2017 Data will be collected by applying the sources of data collection selected by the researcher. F Analysis and evaluation of the collected data 16 September 2017 4 19 September 2017 Collected data will be analyzed and evaluated so as to interpret the results from the collected data. G Conclusion and recommendations 20 September 2017 3 22 September 2017 The conclusion will be drawn and recommendations will be given by forming a base from the analysis and evaluation of the data. Expected outcomes This research has discussed the importance of cyber security for the business and challenges in cyber security for business. From the execution of this research program, it is expected that knowledge of the concept of cyber security will be developed along with the various challenges in cyber security. After completion of this research program, the impact of the various challenges in the cyber security on the business will be developed. It is an important aspect as these challenges are affecting the performance of the business. This research program has been executed with a motive to discuss the role played by cyber security for the safety, security, and confidentiality of the data of the business. After the analysis and evaluation of the different aspects, research will be able to develop knowledge of cyber security and the challenges due to change in the business environment. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that cyber-attacks are increasing due to which threat to the confidentiality of the business is increasing. This research program has discussed different challenges in cyber security which are affecting the performance of the business. Research questions have been formulated for the purpose of gathering information for the research program. All these aspects have helped in developing knowledge of the changing aspects of the business environment and their impact on the business. Different methods have been applied for the collection of data related to the research topic. Primary as well as secondary sources have been used for the collection of data. References Carr, M., 2016, Public-private partnerships in national cyber-security strategies,International Affairs, 92(1), pp.4362. Carroll, T., Greitzer, E. Roberts, F., 2014, Security informatics research challenges for mitigating cyber friendly fire,Security Informatics, 3(1), pp.114. Gorard, S., 2013, Research design: creating robust approaches for the social sciences, SAGE, London. Greenwald, J., 2013, Challenges hold up passage of federal cyber security legislation,Business Insurance,47(10), 17-18. Johnston, M. P., 2014, Secondary Data Analysis:A Method of which the Time Has Come, Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries, pp. 619 626. Jones, R., 2011, Targeted cyber-attacks top agenda: the release of classified documents by whistleblowing website Wikileaks highlights the security challenge of the digital age for companies looking to protect critical business intelligence,MEED Middle East Economic Digest, 55(2), p.22. Niglia, A., Muchaidze, G. Niglia, A., 2015,The Protection of Critical Energy Infrastructure Against Emerging Security Challenges, IOS Press. Nirmala, Y., 2013, Chapter four: research design, Language in India, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 102. Nishad, P. M. Sankar, S., 2016, Efficient random sampling statistical method to improve big data compression ratio and pattern matching techniques for compressed data, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 179. Quick, J. Hall, S., 2015, Part three: The quantitative approach, Journal of perioperative practice, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 192. Thomas, J. A., 2015, Using unstructured diaries for primary data collection, Nurse researcher, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 25. Turkenburg, J. P. McAuley, K. E., 2013, Data collection and processing,Acta Crystallographica Section D,vol. 69, no. 7, pp. 1193-1194. Tyson, D., 2011,Security Convergence Managing Enterprise Security Risk, Burlington: Elsevier Science. Ulsch, M., 2014,Cyber Threat! How to Manage the Growing Risk of Cyber Attacks (Wiley Corporate FA), Hoboken: Wiley. Wilson, V., 2016, Research Methods: Mixed Methods Research, Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 56-59. Woerner, R. Elfering, D., 2014, Execution in the Fog of War: Four Enterprise Security Challenges that Must be Addressed as Cyber War Combatants,Security, 51(9), pp.72-74.